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This equation works as long as the elastic limit (the limit of proportionality) is not exceeded. The extension of an elastic object is directly proportional to the force applied to it: F = k * x F is the force in newtons, N k is the 'spring constant' in newtons per metre, N/m x is the extension in metres, m When an elastic object - such as a spring - is stretched, the increased length is called its extension. The acceleration is always directed towards the equilibrium position.Ģ examples of simple harmonic motion are the spring and the pendulum.The acceleration of the object is directly proportional to its displacement from its equilibrium position.Simple harmonic motion is any periodic motion in which: Wavelength: the length of one complete wave cycle. (unit is s)Īmplitude: The distance from the equilibrium position (resting position) to the maximum displacement when in motion.įrequency: the reciprocal of period (unit is Hz: 1 Hz = 1 s -1). Period: The time required to complete one cycle. Cycle, Period, Amplitude, Frequency, WavelengthĬycle: One complete repeat of the pattern/vibration